Online Shopping Environments In Developing Countries

Online Shopping Environments In Developing CountriesChapter 1 Introduction and contextThe emergence of online shop as an alternative to the traditionalistic shopping fashion model has become a global phenomenon. correspond to Karake-Shalhoub Qasimi (2006 4), consumers in both the developed and developing countries provoke moved with speed and glee to take up this fortune to enhance the shopping experience and benefit from the ensuing benefits. In spite of the growing turn of internet users and frequency of internet use among the current users, at that place exist variations on the global scale, with close to of these variations closely related to the intrinsic features of the local environment. In a study by Alam, et al. (2008), over 600 million individuals have used this model with the e-commerce market having surpasses $228bn as at 2007, with the projections for placing the figure at $320bn. The increase usage of online shopping is clearly written in the features of the mod el, with the advantages cutting crosswise shoppers of all ages and demographics. In most(prenominal) cases socio-economic, heathenish, political and infrastructural aspects of the environment contributes to the trajectory taken by the spread of online shopping by consumers within a specific geographical location. Studies by Zwass (1999) Wolcott, et. al. (2001) and Travica (2002) cited in Efendioglu, Yip Murray (n.d), indicated that infrastructural differences were the main sources of disparity between the consumption of online shopping serve across difference environments. Other studies (Mcknight et al, 1998 and Lee Turban, 2001) have indicated that the cultural and socio-economic factors that have significant influence on online shopping with far reaching impact on the uptake of online shopping by the consumers in the developing countries. In this study, we take an insightful look for into the online shopping environment in the developing countries. Environmental factors ha ve a significant influence on the attitudes and behaviors of consumers, and the main focus on of the probe leave behind be environment in china and how its influence on the online shopping aspects of the Chinese population. Through a quantitative and qualitative analysis, the research volition depict the acceptance and diffusion of online shopping in China. Research aims and objectivesThe research objective was the exploration of the facets of the environment in china, with a critical investigation of their influence on online shopping. Just like in any other developing country, there ar numerous factors that influence the choice of shopping model, with the portalibility of online shopping facilities being the most prominent. As a result, this study will depict the environmental factors that influence the consumption of internet function as easily as the factors influencing the decision of sellers and retailers to exsert online shopping services. The most prominent researc h questions include* How online shopping environment affects nodes behaviour?* How online shopping can contribute to promoting societal and economic development?* In China and other developing countries, what problems ar online shopping have and how to improve it?Chapter 2 Literature reviewThe growing get for better services by both consumers and shoppers have driven retailers and sellers to invent an endless number of models, each bearing a certain set of advantages of the introductory one. According to research by Alam Yasin (2010), success in rolling out online shopping facilities is depended on the acceptability of these factors, availability of enabling infrastructures and technical elements as swell as positive customer attitude towards the internet as an avenue towards satisfaction of certain needs and wants. According to Alam Yasin (2010) the overriding need to ensure customer satisfaction as a way of enhancing customer loyalty sticks the most prominent primer behi nd implementation of strategies in a business. Online shopping, bonnie the traditional model, relies on the ability of the seller to attract and retain customers, thereby augmenting his returns. In most developing countries, the consumption of IT is complicated and hampered by the concentration of SMEs, which remain unviable options for online shopping as indicated by Olajubu, Afolabi Ajayi (2009). In the business-to-customer (B2C) model, online shopping culminates in the purchasing, selling and exchange of products facilitated by computer networks (internet), with electronic settlement of the transactions. Numerous models have been proposed to embolden in analysis of consumer behavior in response to introduction of novel ICT structures. The most common include Rogers Diffusion model (Lawson, 2000), the perceived characteristics of innovation (Sideridis, 2010 67), the reason action theory, the planned behavior theory (Mendes et al, 2004 58) and the model for technological accepta nce (Liu Ye, 2001 336). Infrastructural aspects of online shopping have a significant influence on the ability of individuals to access the goods and complete the transactions as indicated by Teo, Wang, Leong, (2004). In the developing countries, economic development or underdevelopment has significantly contributed to the slow uptake of online shopping as an option, with most individuals preferring the traditional model. The lack of connectivity and communication infrastructure necessary for implementation of online services by the shoppers limits their choices, while making it an unviable option since only a small number of individuals will be willing and able to utilize the model in most cases, online shopping in developing counties has surfaced as a strategy for a select few categories of goods, limited to a small number of locations where the consumption of internet is significantly reliable. Even in those location, most individuals have not notwithstanding fully grasped and appreciated the intricacies of online shopping, thereby leading to the part-consumption of the service. As indicated by Wang (2003) the key determinants of success or failure depends on the quality of the services on offer and value-addition capabilities of the model in application. In addition to price and online presence, online shoppers are also in search for quality services, and a reason not to prefer the traditional shopping model over the online model. This originates from change in the attitudes of the individuals towards online shopping, mainly hinged on the ensuing trust on the part of the customers (Lee Turban, 2001). The numerous barriers to development of trust in the business to customer platform are closely related to the online shopping environment, which originated from the differences in both models as observed by Wang (2003).The environmental factors to be fear about include the political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental issues (Teo, Wan g, Leong, 2004). Each of these factors has an overriding influence on the ability of consumers to utilize the internet for shopping as well as the availability of the goods online. The unavailability of case work and sufficient information to base the assessments regarding the spread in online shopping and retailing is the most prominent hindrance as observed by Findlay, Paddison Dawson (1990 106)Developing countries have found it necessary to embrace technology as a way of measuring up to the steepening competition on the global scale. The increased competition by the global business unit has make it necessary for every business to avoid passing up on any opportunity to increase and retain its market share. As a result, it has become common for retailers and sellers to avail any kind of service to the consumers, in graze to improve their current and future earnings. According to, online shopping is not a silver bullet to improvement in earnings. As indicated by the numerous fail ed ventures and organizations which relied on online shopping as a core strategic move to improve earnings, there is more to offering the goods and service online. According to Kamel (2006 70), technological aspects of online shopping are a major aspect of the online shopping environment. Over the past decade, the number of individuals using the internet for day to day chores has increased tremendously, making it impossible for most individuals to operate without the internet. In the developing countries, investing in online service and communication infrastructure is still in its initial stages. However, the number of individuals consuming internet services grows by the day and for a country like China, it is true to postulate that there are a substantial number of internet users to warrant investment on e-commerce by businesses. In addition to shopping for goods and services, numerous individuals will be searching for information, making it a widely used service. The quality of o nline services such as website features (Shergill Chen, 2005) and home page design (Ho Wu, 1999) were observed to influence the consumers ability to choose online shopping. Political factors also influence the spread of online shopping practices in a developing country. Political structures influence the trajectory of development and availability of resources as well as public policy, which affects the availability of investments in the necessary sectors. As a result, political influence is a major contributor to prevalence of online shopping in a country, especially the developing countries where political structures are any underdeveloped or absent completely. As observed by Wilson (III.) (2004 223 )the new technologies have influenced social behavior, accelerated entrepreneurism, enhanced transparency and promoted new ideas.yet the market is advantageously driven by competitive jockeying among powerful groups in agencies, ministries, government-owned companies and private bod ies, including ISPs and ICPS. Their influence on the spread of online shopping is undeniable, with the supply-side and demand factors culminating from their actions. Social factors influence the attitudes and perception of individuals. According to Efendioglu, Yip Murray (n.d), the long-standing preference of off-line transaction systems have a significant influence on the ability of individuals to migrate to the online facilities. Having served the needs of most individuals for long these off-line models, such as telephone and catalogue sales pose a threat to the implementation of the online shopping owing to their ability to provide the same train of perceived utility, in addition to having inculcated transition trust and the opportunity to socialize, as it is customary in China and other developing countries. As a result, the robotization of the shopping process is bound to conflict with the contemporary perception of the shopping process. According to McKinnon et al (2010 327) , success depends on establishment of online presence by the prospective consumers, and wherefore adoption of the new shopping model. Chakrabati (2002 81) posited that not all goods were suited for online shopping. The type of products on offer and on demand also influenced the spread of online shopping. The Study by Kamel (2006 66) revealed that developing countries only account for 18.5% of the digitized information, which is small percentage as compared to the rest of the world. Consumption of infrastructural components has an influence on the environment, owing to the increased generation of e-waste (Zwass, 1996). Lack of government activity mechanisms of such wastes in addition to the increased need for energy to power the systems is bound to influence the environment. With each home having an internet connection, there originates the need for increased generation of energy thereby necessitating development of policies to address the environmental impact. Karake-Shalhoub Qas imi (2006 209) and Kamel (2006 71) noted that the legal quagmires facing cyber space still dog the developing countries, where legal systems are faced with numerous challenges. The inability to develop sufficient laws regarding conduct in cyber space to match the laws govern the real space is directly attributable to the inability of most individuals to take up online shopping as a viable alternative to traditional shopping. According to Wilson (III) (2004 300) and Anwer et al. (2010) the unique nature of the internet presents real challenges rase for developed countries, with policy agenda lacking with regard to privacy, security, protection of online consumers, electronic signatures, domestic and international trade as well as taxation matters. Chapter 3 MethodologyThe research will comprise of a qualitative and quantitative analysis. Through the use of a 25-question questionnaire, data will be gathered from a selected sample of 200 individuals. The data gathered will be analyz ed through statistic means and presented in both tabular and graphical terms. Inferences from the data will be used in the generation of findings and conclusions. Chapter 4PracticalitiesThe developing economies form a significant portion of the global market place. The immense number of consumers presents a potential market for goods and services, from both developed and developing markets. Rational consumers in search of maximization of utility are bound to prefer the most in force(p) model and the source of value addition, thereby making it imperative to understand the intrinsic nature of online shopping and the environment in developing countries. This research will present an insight into the challenges and successes of introducing online shopping to China, classified as a developing country, with sufficient data and information to provide guidelines applicable to other developing countries. The inferences and recommendations originating from this research are adaptable to othe r developing countries with slight customization to cater for differences in environments in the countries in question. Chapter 5Ethical aspectsOwing to the necessity for human community in the research, ethical issues arose regarding the conduct of the data collection process as well as the use of the findings from the study. As a rule, any data, information and assertions made by the targeted sample was to be used solely for the current project with strict privacy rules. The data collected through questionnaires was to be done on a basis of anonymity of the individuals, thereby making it impossible to tie the responses to a specific individual. Since the assertions made in the study were to be utilized in formulation of conclusions and recommendation, it was deemed representative of the situation and true to the knowledge of the individual. For this reason, the study was to be carried under strict adherence to the Universitys policy regarding research involving Human Participants , data and Tissue.

Advanced technology in speech-based interfaces

Advanced engineering science in quarrel- base interfacesAbstractSpeech-based interfaces ar non wise to computing, they have been sexual intercoursely underused as an efficient and potent method of human and calculator interaction. The engineering has been of great interest over the past few years, although there atomic number 18 still significant improvements and possibilities for the future. This paper investigates real usages and standards of the technology and what contributions ar being made. The paper also identifies nigh possible future uses of Speech-based interfaces, and possible future benefits of this technology, when compared to current methods and certain types of users.Speech-based interfaces are not new to computing, they have been relatively underused as an efficient and effective method of human and electronic computer interaction. A background to the technology is included and it is described how the unavoidableness for indispensable language and spe ech interfaces increased, and there became a need for standardisation, and the standard VoiceXML was released. From this standard other(a) technologies were born, including a combination of XHTML and VoiceXML to develop Internet applications with a speech-based interface. These technologies combined with weave and car technologies have provided an opportunity for vocalization controller motor fomite control in the near future. art object this technology has been designed to help the amount person be more efficient, with some small changes there can be benefits to be gained from ancient users and disabled users as well. With every new technology there exist problems which will be discussed as well, and this will lead to a conclusion summarising points and secureifying the benefits.Natural language interfaces are an substantial part of humankind Computer Interaction, as the number of tele mobilises in the world still outnumbers of computers and therefore natural language is m ore widely used than a mouse or keyboard. To smooth the progress of exchanges amongst humans and machines the World Wide clear Consortium (W3C) has published a recommendation for vocal interaction language based on XML, which allows interactions on m each interfaces including Internet applications by using XHTML combined with VoiceXML. Because VoiceXML uses the HTTP protocol to communicate it is possible for a VoiceXML telephone gateway to communicate with a nett server, in this type of environment the wind vane server is providing a chemical reaction to a user on a telephone and bridging the gap between phone and Internet. This is supported by the World Wide Web Consortium (2010)The telephone was invented more than 150 years ago, and continues to be a very important means for us to communicate with each other. The Web by comparison is very recent, but has rapidly scram a competing communications channel. The convergence of telecommunications and the Web is now bringing the be nefits of Web technology to the telephone, enabling Web developers to create applications that can be accessed via any telephone, and allowing multitude to interact with these applications via speech and telephone keypads (p. 1).VoiceXML is bonny a standard for Human-Computer audio, with speech synthesis and recognition of spoken stimulation. This technology brings the ability to have a natural conversation as an Internet and heart and soul manipulation interface. An automated phone body with VoiceXML also has the ability to understand or fork out multiple languages. The popularity is increasing as major companies such as IBM, HP and Motorola are now supporting and using VoiceXML. A major goal is to bring the advantages of web-based development and content de anticipatery to interactive voice response applications (Rouillard, 2007, p. 27).XHTML + Voice (X+V) are a technology for describing visual and audio web pages, visual interaction is described by XHTML and auditory interac tion is described by VoiceXML. Enabling users to have a HTML display of a website, with the ability to navigate and use the site by voice or by traditionalistic methods of input. Until recently XHTML and VoiceXML (X+V) functionality had not been implemented by major Internet browser companies, instead it had been used by small companies with government grants and been talked about as a possible future technology. Currently the Opera web browser offers native support for XHTML and VoiceXML, it will also attempt voice interaction with standard XHTML pages. While Internet Explorer and Firefox still do not have native support for XHTML and VoiceXML, although third party extensions and add-ons have been created. Opera Software ASA produce, any hightail itaday browser command can be done by voice, such as navigating to, and following the side by side(p) link in a document, going to the next slide in an Opera Show presentation, or logging on to a password protected Website (p. 1). XHTM L and VoiceXML offer an increased opportunity with Opera web browser now being installed in crossbreeding vehicles, for a speech-based interface to enable eye-free and hands-free computer interaction succession driving. This technology could potentially control dash-panel and computer systems via speech-based interfaces, enable users functionality from changing the temperature of the heater to sending emails by voice while driving a car. Opera Software ASA say, This ascendent will allow Ford truck and van owners to maintain a virtual work environment with access to all of the important files, information and applications they need on a day-by-day basis (p. 1).Because XML is a dynamic and universal language overseen by the W3C, it means that XML based technologies such as VoiceXML are not limited to Internet applications. The similar piece of XML can be used for various applications and imported into other applications if they support it, and there is no reason why VoiceXML cann ot be the same in the future as well. Mobile phones for some time have had the ability to read schoolbook messages and email messages aloud to the user, which could be beneficial for visually impair persons and persons operating a vehicle. Text-to-speech software reads the text on the screen aloud in a natural sounding voice, giving you convenient access to phone menus and functions, short messages, e-mail messages (Nokia, n.d., p. 1). Using VoiceXML based technology it is entirely possible for a user to read a text message aloud to the officious phone, the phone translate this to textual content and sends it via the SMS service. This may sound silly at introductory, due to the technology to be able to call someone and say it verbally without a computer translating the words into text for you. Although this would give businesses a greater ability to stay in contact while on the move, as text messaging is used extensively in business and preferred in some cases depending on the m essage being sent. This could also provide a solution to a major problem with cellular phones, which is texting while driving. In principle a technology that allows a user to drive and sent text messages safely while talking to their cell phone will save lives and make lives easier. Talking to a passenger or singing to the radio has not been noted as a significant cause of crashes, which are very similar functions to verbalising a text message. Government officials arent the only ones getting on the texting ban-wagon. TV talk show host Oprah Winfrey has launched a national television and Internet campaign to encourage people to commit to putting their cell phones away while driving (Hattiesburg American, 2010, p. 1). As technology has progressed, people have continuously sought after smaller and smaller devices with greater detail and speed. Technology has reached the point where the input devices themselves are holding back the device from becoming any smaller. Voice interaction ca n escape the physical limitations on keypads and displays as mobile devices become ever smaller (World Wide Web Consortium, 2010, p. 5).With a global aging population it is important that we enable and help elderly people to function and live as independently as technology will allow. Elderly people may be able to benefit by the advancement of speech-based technologies, but to first understand how they could benefit, it is important to understand their characteristics. The human interfaces to most computer systems for cosmopolitan use have been designed, either deliberately or by default, for a typical, junior user (Gregor, P., Newell, A. F., 2001, p. 1). Elderly people can be crudely generalised into three groups fit one-time(a) people, frail older people and older people with long term disabilities. Fit older people can be described as those who appear or do not consider themselves disabled. finespun older people who would be considered as disabled and have one or more difficu lties, including at least one that impairs their functionality in some way. The elderly who have had a long-term disability throughout their lifetime that has affected the aging fulfill and their ability to function is dependent on declining functions. Other expressions to aliveness into consideration are the variability in physical, sensory and cognitive abilities with the elderly, as one size does not fit all in this situation. Another aspect is the variations in ability to operate a computer system due to disabilities, impairments and learning capabilities. Gregor and Newell (2001) concludeIn general, as people grow older their abilities change. This process of change includes a decline over time in the cognitive, physical and sensory functions, and each of these will decline at different rates relative to one another for each individual. This pattern of capabilities varies widely between individuals, and as people grow older, this variability increases. In addition, any give n individuals capabilities vary in the short term due, for physical exercise, to temporary decrease in, or loss of, function due to a variety of causes including illness, blood sugar levels and state of arousal (p. 2). Interfaces for older people need to have a greater diversity of functionality when compared to a younger group, to meet the greater needs. By providing a speech based interface as an option for operating a computer, it is dependent on a function that most people have used their entire lives and is reliant on a function that is not considered to dramatically decrease with age. This can also enable them to use a computer system with a telephone as described previously with VoiceXML capabilities, for those who are intimidated by technology and the thought of using a computer. Finally the interface designed needs to use general terms over technical terms, for example moving to the main section rather than clicking on the home link.Most systems and interfaces are designed for typical sun-loving or high functioning users, when compared with users with disabilities that can have difficulties using a standard keyboard or mouse. It is important with the growth of the Internet and technology that disabled users are not left wing out, and that they are able to access these resources if they choose, or if it could benefit their lives. There may be situations where a computer application could benefit the life of somebody with a handicap, but they cannot use a computer due to motor-function restrictions. This demonstrates the need for hands-free or eye-free computer access and includes two main groups, visually impaired users and motor-handicapped. The Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) works with organizations around the world to develop strategies, guidelines, and resources to help make the Web accessible to people with disabilities (Web Accessibility Initiative, 2009, p. 1). Many applications and web browsers are developed to assist people with disabi lities, although many of them have been quietly withdrawn leaving broken links or on the occasion that the system is still available for download it may have been abandoned and not maintained anymore. An important aspect of developing voice applications for handicapped users is that they may deficiency to use voice control in combination with other interfaces such as a joystick or other aid devices. The aim of speech systems is generally naturalness and to copy conversations that we have had our entire lives, but in the case of users with disabilities it may be more beneficial to aim for learn-ability over naturalness. For example instead of saying activate microphone or something technical to activate the microphone, saying Wake Up un-mutes the microphone and turns on the light in left side (Brondsted Aaskoven, 2005, p.4). Technology is currently heading toward eye-free and hands-free access of systems, for purposes such as accessing a computer while driving a car or devising us more productive. The same base technology is required to support speech based services for disabled users, but the difference of needs when interacting are very different. We generally would prefer to speak to a computer in a turn based communication like we have when we are talking to other human beings, although as an aid for using systems or interface for disabled users it would be more beneficial to use command driven voice systems using non-technical terms. While still using human to human terms, such as wake-up and sleep which even severely mentally disabled users would understand. There are people with mental disabilities so severe that they are unable to understand wake-up or sleep, but they are highly unlikely to have any need for a computer, as they are more concerned with surviving day to day.The VoiceXML standard has ensured a guideline for developing voice applications, but there are currently no standards for the development environments or interfaces. This means that the layout and functionality from development environments will be completely different, and the code generated by the development environments will not unavoidably be compatible, as the two different development environments will generate completely different tags and formats. Building spoken applications from scratch can take a long period of time, and several different frameworks and technologies. As VoiceXML works with predetermined grammar, which can be troublesome in the development of some applications. But by combining the VoiceXML platform with independent systems for voice recognition, it is possible to increase its capacities of understanding. VoiceXML is great step toward speech and voice based interfaces, but it has a lot of work to become a complete framework for developing speech applications. Accordingly, a great deal of emphasis has been placed on the development of toolkits and environments that hide some of this complexity and allow developers to rapidly prototy pe and deploy speech-based applications. (Bennett Llitjod Shriver Rudnicky Black, 2002, p. 1). Natural speech-based interfaces can provide a known and familiar interface for interacting with computer systems, because we spend our lives conversing with other people and communicating over the telephone. Current technology makes it possible to interact with a website or computer application via a telephone and it is possible to translate the language spoken for the system, and translate a response back to the user. The ability to use a generic markup language like VoiceXML with applications such as XHTML is a leap forward in creating an Internet that can be accessible via speech-based interfaces. This enables future technology such as voice controlled functions of a motor vehicle and improved cell phone speech interface. One of the most significant impacts of this technology is the ability for elderly people to use a function is not known for degeneration as a computing interface. This will also enable users who are new to computers but familiar with telephones to use a computer more easily. Many disabled people struggle to maintain their independence, with motor function restrictions that prevents them from using a computer effectively. With the ability for disabled people to bullshit programs and browse the Internet with a speech interface, it could help them maintain their freedom and independence. As with all new technologies, there are severe problems that a solution must be found for before this technology can take off this includes a standard for a complete framework rather than just a markup language providing grammar and large vocabulary support. It is concluded that speech-based interfaces currently, and will continue to, provide benefits in the advancement of the technology, providing that the right people get access to this technology and not just the average user who is happy to type.ReferencesBennett, C., Llitjod, A. F., Shriver, S., Rudnick y, A., Black, A.W. (2002). Building voicexml-based applications. Paper presented at the7th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing family 2002, Denver, Colorado, United States of America. Retrieved February 19, 2010, from http//www.cs.cmu.edu/awb/papers/ICSLP2002/voicexml.pdfBrondsted, T., Aaskoven, E. (2005). Voice-controlled internet shop for motor-handicapped users. Design and Implementation Issues, Interspeech 2005. doi10.1.1.65.3974Gregor, P., Newell, A. F. (2001). Designing for Dynamic Diversity Making accessible interfaces for older people. In J. Jorge., R. Heller., R. Guedj (Eds.). minutes of 2001 EC/NSF Workshop on Universal Accessibility of Ubiquitous Computing Providing for the Elderly 22-25 May 2001, Alcacer do Sal, Portugal. Dunhee University of Dunhee.Hattiesburg American. (2010). Texting while driving deadly at any age. Retrieved run into 1, from 2010 from http//www.hattiesburgamerican.com/article/20100221/OPINION01/2210304/Texting-while-driving-d eadly-at-any-ageOpera Software ASA. (2010). Opera Tutorials. Retrieved March 1, 2010 from http//www.opera.com/browser/tutorials/voice/using/Opera Software ASA. (2009). Opera brings full web browsing to new ford trucks and vans. Retrieved March 3, 2010 from http//www.opera.com/press/releases/2009/04/02_2/Nokia. (n.d.). Nokia accessibility Text to speech. Retrieved March 1, 2010 from http//www.nokiaaccessibility.com/tts.htmlRouillard, J. (2007) Web services and speech-based applications around voicexml. Journal of Networks, 2(1), 27-35.Web Accessibility Initiative. (2009). About WAI. Retrieved March 1, 2010 from http//www.w3.org/WAI/about-links.htmlWorld Wide Web Consortium. (2010). W3C voice browser working group. Retrieved March 1, 2010 from http//www.w3.org/Voice/

DSL or Cable Essays -- Internet Computers Web Technology Essays

digital subscriber line or cable lengthEveryday there are millions of people connecting to the Internet. The Internet is made up of networks of computers linked together around the initiation where people can chat, shop, instant message, and e-mail each other. With so many people connecting one might wonder how exclusively of these millions of people are connecting to the Internet. on that point are many different options for people to use to connect to the Internet, such as dial-up, DSL, Cable, and Satellite. Dial-up internet connection uses the telephone line this is the oldest connection that has been around since the 1990s. The newest sign of connection would be the satellite connection, which is not very popular right now because of the high cost. The two most popular choices that people are use today are DSL and Cable. These are the two internet connections that will be compared to see which one is right for you. DSL vs. Cable What is the difference?DSLDSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line, which is a method of moving information over a telephone line. A DSL circuit is much hot than a regular phone connection and the wires coming into the subscribers premises are the same ( crap) wires used for regular phone service (www.about.com). The copper wires have lots of room for carrying more then normal telephone calls, carrying this extra information does not disturb a telephone conversion. Most all homes and small business use a type of DSL called asymmetric. Asymmetric DSL divides up the available frequencies in a line on the assertion that most Internet users look at, or download, mush more information than they send, or upload. Under this assumption, of the connection speed from the internet to the user is three to quadruple times faster... ...h the service being down. I also like the fact that they give discounts to customers that have cable television with them. Although Cox Internet connection is not available in all areas in P hoenix yet, they are working to get everyone a chance to connect to the Internet. Whether you chose DSL or a Cable provider, make sure you are happy with the services you are being provided, because the companies are working quickly to be available in all areas. So if you are not happy, check to see if other services are available in your area.Bibliographyhttp//about.com . DSL vs. Cable Modem. June 15, 2004.www.qwest.com . High speed Internet opening. June 17, 2004.www.cox.com/Phoenix . Internet Options in Phoenix. June 15, 2004.www.howstuffworks.com . How DSL and cable modems work. June 16, 2004.www.connext.net . DSL facts. June 14, 2004.

A Rose for Emily By William Faulkner :: Free Essay Writer

A Rose for EmilyThe following paper analyzes the William Faulkner story called A Rose for Emily. The paper discusses my thoughts and ideas ab out(p) the story, and evaluates different elements of the story. The paper analyzes the style that the reference uses in characterization, and a few specific methods used to convey the plot and lay out the scene mentally, giving specific examples in the story. Finally, I trust my overall opinion of the story.I found the first paragraph very enticing first drawing me in with the explanations of why all the townspeople attended her funeral. Then making me want to get a look into her house that only a few others had seen for so many years. The descriptions of the house with its cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies sparked memories of old houses in my neighborhood when I was growing up. The story quickly created strong mental images of contrasting scenery with the mention of the encroaching cotton gins, garages, and gas pumps around Emilys grand, but decaying home on what the author calls a select street, (Xroads, 2005). The Authors smooth use of imagery and language drew me obscure into the story after only the first paragraph, and it just kept getting better. I enjoyed this story for a number of reasons, which included how the author laid out the plot. The story was not told in a chronological order, thus allowing relevant information to be pieced together in an interesting and different way. It started with Emilys death, consequently jumped back in time and finally led to her ultimate demise. This play on time was carefully constructed so that it built suspense and anticipation in a way that a chronological story could not, (Xroads, 2005). I also enjoyed the story because of its gothic undertones. The authors use of dark images such as the decaying mansion, dead bodies, and the morbid attraction of Emily to dead bodies was only part of the carefully crafted multi-layered story line that used descriptive language, characterization, and chronology to keep you on the edge of your seat, (Xroads, 2005). I also liked the way the author portrayed the characters in the story, especially Emily. One example is Emilys characterization when she purchases the arsenic, looking through her cold, haughty obscure eyes which peer from a face the flesh of which was strained across the temples and about the eye-sockets, (Xroads, 2005).

The First Scene of Macbeth :: Free Essay Writer

The first scene is very short, but full of impact. The thunder and lightning alone give it a outstanding opening, which grabs the interest of the audience, as it is representative of evil. These melodramatic sound effects help to set the eerie and supernatural atmosphere that Shakespeare wanted to create along with the witches. Instead of seeing Macbeth, Shakespeares audience is face with three weird-looking women. The witches introduce us to a dark, dangerous play, in which the theme of evil is central. The witches say little but we learn a lot about(predicate) them. The mood of the play is set here, although the action doesnt start until the next scene. The presence of supernatural forces in the opening of Macbeth provides for much of the plays dramatic tension and the mounting suspense. When shall we three pucker again? In thunder, lightning, or rain? This is the opening line. It immediately draws the audience and captures their imagination, as the supernatural world hypnot ized people in Elizabethan England. At the time the play was first performed and at the time that Shakespeare was writing it, witchcraft was a great enemy, people became appeal by these peculiar, suspicious witches. Witch hunts took place and many people were convicted of being witches and were executed. The witches fit in with the stereotypical perception of witches of that time, including use of familiars like Graymalkin and Paddock. The use of the telepathic occurs at the beginning, with three witches explaining that they will meet Macbeth. When the battles lost and won. The audience have yet to find out what the battle is, however they sack out that the battle is won by one side and lost by another. Macbeths fate is that he will win the battle, but will lack the battle for his soul. We have come in at the end of the witches meeting, just as they are arranging their next appointment before their familiar inspirit call them into the fog and filthy air. From the beginning we can tell that the witches can foretell the future, and are creating some unpleasant magic, which is to involve Macbeth. This creates suspense for the audience, wandering what is button to happen next. The fact that the witches want to meet Macbeth should raise some suspicion in the audience. The witches first mention Macbeth in the eighth line, when they explain that they will meet Macbeth upon the heath.

Legalization of Medicinal Marijuana Essay -- medical cannabis should be

In the U.S., cannabis sativa, also known as marijuana, is illegal for medicinal purposes that because the federal law places it in account I, a category for drugs that have been deemed unsafe, highly subject to abuse, and possessing no medicinal value. After much scientific research, and investigations of evidence, this has been proven to be quite inaccurate. rootage of all, Judge Francis L. Young, concluded not only that marijuanas medical utility had been adequately demonstrated, but also that marijuana had been shown to be one of the safest therapeutically active substances known to man (Medical Marijuana Briefing..). He also ruled that marijuana has legitimate medical applications and should be available to doctors.Only cardinal people today receive marijuana through a federal compassionate use program which stopped admitting new patients in 1992, after the hail of applications, mostly from AIDS patients, increased dramatically. Young also ruled that the provisions of the Co ntrolled Substances Act permit and require the transfer of marijuana from Schedule I to Schedule II (Medical Marijuana Briefing). As a Schedule II drug, marijuana would be allowed to be prescribed to patients by physicians, but only under highly regulated conditions. Marijuana is one of the safest therapeutically active substances known. No one has ever died from an overdose, and it has a wide variety of therapeutic applications s...

My Statement of Educational Goals and Philosophy :: Education Teaching Teachers Essays

My Statement of Educational Goals and Philosophy Throughout my life I have had mentors, mentors that I have looked up to and admired, those mentors have been larners. As long as I have remembered I have wanted to be a teacher. How could you not want to experience the comfort of helping a child grow up in to adults? Being in the education profession will be very trying, but if I can honorable entrance one person it will be worth it all. Influence is a very powerful social occasion, teachers know how to use influence to their advantage. I am hoping that through observations of classrooms and the education classes here at Concord that I will learn how to be a teacher and not just dream about it. A teacher is a very prestigious career to strive for. You have to be able to deal with every thing all at once and make it work. You cant worry about what you are dealing with in your own life, when you are at enlighten you are in the kids lives. Kids go through many obstacles therefore, they need a person who will listen and be there for them. sometimes a teacher is the only role model that a child has to look up to. I want to be that person. After I alumnus from Concord with a bachelors in elementary education, I hope to obtain my masters before I start teaching. When I begin teaching, my goal is to teach Kindergarten at a public school in the area. I believe in the essentialism philosophy to a degree. I take that teachers should instruct the essentials of the academics. I think that teachers should incorporate more traditional thinking in their lessons. I would even like schools to have uniforms for students to wear. I think that uniforms set everyone on the same train to learn, so they are not worried about what everyone is wearing. The essentialism philosophy focuses on academics first and they disagree with